The Tirokudda Sutra is not a sutra preached by Buddha.
In order to understand that the Tirokudda Sutra is not a sutra spoken by the Buddha, it is easy to understand that most of the sutras added to the Pitaka in the post-Pitaka era, including that sutra, do not mention that the Buddha spoke.
It is important to understand whose idea this formula is. According to the Nikaya that arose about a century after Buddha’s parinirvana, one of the Nika , the Rajagirikas, says: “Those who went to the next world depended on what their relatives gave them here.
Everyone who has gone to the afterlife depends on what his living relatives give him.” Therefore, this Thirokudda Sutra must be a sutra belonging to the Rajagiriks. Excerpted from Theravada Buddhist Philosophy by Polvatthe Budhadatta Thero (Page No. 9)
Our understanding is that there is no mention of the Buddha using the name ghosts in the Pitaka for the creatures born after doing evil. The Lakkhana Samyutta clearly explains how the living being suffers a painful and painful suffering in hell for evil or sinful actions.
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